Fine Art Essay

Art is the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, typically in a visual form such as painting or sculpture, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power. Art was originally used to refer to a skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences (â€Å"Art,† 2013, para. 1). Around the 17th century, a shift in modern art began to develop into fine arts, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, are distinguished from acquired skills in general, and the decorative or applied arts (â€Å"Art,† 2013). Sketch aesthetics, also known as esquisses, are preparatory sketches or paintings to quickly capture the idea of a painting (Myers, N. , (2000-2013). The aesthetic of the sketch in the nineteenth-century France). This process was used frequently throughout the time of fine art. The Raft of Medusa by Gericault, and Mount Sainte-Victoria broke traditional fine arts when they combined it with applied arts, which is the application of design to objects of everyday use (â€Å"Applied Arts, 2013). The Raft of the Medusa is an oil painting of 1818–1819 by the French Romantic painter and Lithographer Theodore Gericault (1791–1824) (â€Å"Raft of Medusa,† 2013). Gericault undertook extensive research and produced many preparatory sketches. He interviewed two of the survivors, and constructed a detailed scale model of the raft. His efforts took him to morgues and hospitals where he could view, first-hand, the colour and texture of the flesh of the dying and dead (â€Å"Raft of Medusa,† 2013, para. 2). This portrait depicts the essence of the gruesome fight that occurred at this naval appointment which was on widely controversial topic concerning the competence of the Ministry of Navy. Although The Raft of the Medusa retains elements of the traditions of history painting, in both its choice of subject matter and its dramatic presentation, it represents a break from the calm and order of the then-prevailing neoclassical school (â€Å"Raft of Medusa,† 2013, para. 3). Mount Sainte-Victoria is a series of oil paintings by the French artist Paul Cezanne (â€Å"Mont Sainte-Victoire,† 2013). This landscape is an iconic mountain in southern France that overlooks the Aix-en Provence. Cezanne often included a sketch of a railroad that ran alongside the mountain in his paintings. Cezanne praised the Mont Sainte-Victoire, which he viewed from the train while passing through the railway bridge at Arc River Valley and soon he began the series wherein he topicalized this mountain (â€Å"Mont Sainte-Victoire,† 2013, para. 2). Cezanne was skilled at analysis. He used geometry to describe nature, and used different colors to represent the depth of objects (â€Å"Mont Sainte-Victoire,† 2013). As I can concisely conclude that the Raft of Medusa by Gericault and Mount Sainte-Victoria, in both their choice of subject matter and their presentation, they represent a break from fine arts. These major breakthroughs lead to much criticism, but ultimately led to the rapid change of development in fine arts that influence today’s ideas. These paintings and painters will remain revolutionary topics for years to come. Works Cited:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine_art

Coloplast company Essay

Executive Summary Coloplast, an international company that specializes in developing, manufacturing, and marketing medical devices, implemented an off-shoring strategy in order to stay viable, competitive and keep in focus the dynamic market needs. Implementing this strategy has brought some issues that were unexpected for Coloplast. One of the issues was with the organizational structure. Coloplast’s off shoring involved moving operations to Hungary. They would be operating with Danish and Hungarian production plants, where production processes were not the same. Misunderstandings and miscommunication arose amongst employees and created managerial and operational challenges. Another issue that arose was knowledge management and this became a problem since there was very limited documentation on inconsistencies in equipment operation as well as no proper standardization of systems in place. The solution to these problems is to implement company wide processes that help standardize both Hungarian and Danish plants. Employee motivation and communication is another issue and this is attributable to the resistance to change which many employees face. Coloplast didn’t look at these issues with offshoring as their costs were rising locally and they needed to mitigate that cost. Coloplast should expand to China where labour is even cheaper than Hungary. It is an offshoring move that must be looked at in order for Coloplast to maintain their economies of scale. The further reduction of costs with their experience from offshoring in Hungary allow Coloplast to enter the offshoring process to China with a greater understanding in all that it entails, and the possible pitfalls that can arise. Issue Identification One of the issues faced was that of the interdependent relationship between the Danish and the Hungarians. There were operational assumptions and activities. Nobody factored in how significant the language barrier would be. It proved to be a significant enough factor that it warranted unexpected time and money to rectify the problems Coloplast faced. There was a lack of knowledge transfer from the Danish operators to the Hungarian  operators and this resulted in operational inefficiencies. The other issue involved the human resource aspects such as limiting attrition rates, limiting social hardship, and transferring knowledge effectively. Environmental and Root Cause Analysis Certain trends shifted power towards the consumer in Coloplast’s industry. Although Coloplast saw the need to offshore or outsource, their decision was based on them trying to focus on their core business and to increase efficiency, the prime motive was to cut costs. They chose to offshore as this entailed lower cost and availability of skilling workers. They did not want to rely on third parties, and third parties lack the in house knowledge needed for Coloplast’s operation. Coloplast was seriously considering relocating to a low cost location for some time. They were in danger of certain factors such as reimbursement, policy changes, price pressures due to wholesaler concentration, and powerful insurance companies. They felt there were distinct advantages to off shoring as opposed to outsourcing as the competitive advantage of offshoring to Hungary as they developed a much better ecosystem for Coloplast’s business. This means there is better availability of ski lled human resources in that region for specific types of tasks. Their establishment in Hungary was due to the significant savings in production costs, which were 20 percent less than Danish levels. After they had factored in wage increases, Coloplast was convinced this offshore move would be financially advantageous in the long run. Building costs were 50% less in Hungary than Denmark. Cost considerations were an issue, but logistical considerations were weighed to be more important. The root cause factors lay in the rollout of the offshoring project. Large regional differences existed within Hungary in terms of wage and infrastructure. Coloplast was located on the attractive side of Hungary and other major companies were close by, which played a part in their decision to off shore. Although the relocation of operations involved mature product lines, the decentralized structure still made documenting planning and production systems difficult. The operations at the Danish site were not standardized, thus making it harder to offshore to Hungary, who had their own operations. The Danish factories felt that their organized production was unique to each  of them and couldn’t be replicated. There were no product manuals and they had to be created proper production techniques and equipment operation. This would then have to be translated to Hungarian, and this processes impact was not properly assessed. The transfer of knowledge and training that required human interaction was not properly addressed beforehand either. Alternatives or Options Expand in Europe. Many locations were scouted before Hungary was implemented, and there are several Eastern Bloc countries with low wage, and production costs. However, there is more risk in operating in one of these countries as the geopolitical implications in these countries can cause cost savings to be eroded. They can also see the feasibility in many countries such as Poland, Ireland, and the Czech Republic. They have already offshored and Coloplast felt that it could further improve incentives to strengthen transfer of knowledge in their next venture. The regional attraction was there with Hungary, and the cost savings did occur for Coloplast, thus making offshoring to another European country a feasible option. Europe has already lowered its offshoring walls following a global trend, and this could be attractive for Coloplast if the geographical distance to China were a concern. Recommendation and Implementation Relocate to China. Now that Coloplast has realized its deficiencies in their process with the offshoring to Hungary, they can mitigate these for the future in their relocation to China. The whole initial decision to offshore in the first place was to reduce cost. Hungary was less costly than Denmark, and China is less costly than Hungary. It makes business sense to relocate to China production wise, as the wages are significantly lower than the Danish and Hungarians. There are organizational challenges in this implementation in that the geographical distance between Denmark and China can amplify many of the scenarios that arose from their offshoring to Hungary. Their knowledge transfer must be coordinated well in advance with  any offshore implementation. They must establish well-set corporate guidelines on how to relocate and manage production sites in advance of any physical offshoring move. Maintain a high level of information and communicate in a direct manner. Leave no interpr etation, and build relationships. They must learn from the mistakes identified with their previous project. They must also apply the best practices from Hungary and include the idiosyncrasies of the Chinese business environment. The environment is drastically different from the environment they operated in Denmark and Hungary. These differences must be identified, and transitioned, as to make the offshoring smooth and sufficient. They will need to start with having Danish representatives make a presence in China in their facilities. It is important in business relations in China to have a level of trust with their employers, and customers. Establish substantial resources while further fine-tuning internal decision making processes and procedures in order to integrate their production unit with headquarters and production in Denmark. Monitor and Control Representatives from Coloplast in Denmark can have all their operational efficiencies set and can ease the process of off shoring by starting out with some local Danish representatives ease in the process with their physical presence in China. Work in conjunction with the Chinese workers in order to have them gain their trust, and a more direct line of knowledge transfer. Having set guidelines and policies in procedures will leave out any room for misinterpretation, such as what occurred in Hungary. Key KPI’s can be set for the offshoring project such as Total Cost vs. Total Cost Savings. Monitoring the metrics of expenses and comparing those expenses to their current operations will be a good indicator of any cost savings. Human capital must be monitored, as human resources were an issue that was already identified in Hungary. Turnover, and training costs must be monitored, recorded and reported.

Pros and Cons of Vivisecton

Scholastic Essay â€Å"Animals are people too? † This is a question that might be asked by an inquisitive person. Literally speaking, animals are not people. However, animals have feelings too and should be treated the way people are treated. In today's modern society, vivisection is a free practice. This is due to the fact that animals are not protected by humans and are free to be caught and used in mankind's experiments in a pursue of knowledge. One might ask : What is vivisection?Well, so to speak, vivisection is the practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research. In my opinion, there are pros and cons to this practice. First and foremost, I would like to say that one of the pros of vivisection is for medical advancement. More specifically, vivisection is used for medical experimentation. The best way to test potentially new medicines is by using animals. If the test is successful, then the medicine will be teste d on humans. Read more about Pros and Cons Of ReligionThe reason vivisection is carried out is because the lifespan of an animal is shorter than the lifespan of a human. Therefore, the lifespan of an animal is considered to be less valuable than humans. Any breakthrough in medicine does not only benefit humans, but it might also benefit animals as well as plants. Medical Advancement: Additionally, new medicines can also help animals too, so this falls under the philosophy of the needs of the many (animals) outweigh the needs of the few (animals).Meaning the few animals that are sacrificed or tested upon is worth less than the many animals that are potentially saved or helped, thus helping the greater good is more morale. Of course, this opinion is subjective to each person. Product Safety: Another popular reason for animal testing is for determining the safety of products, such as cosmetics testing. In theory, animals used for safety testing are typically not killed and remain healthy, however th ey are often maltreated.Again, it is commonly considered that the safety of people outweighs the safety of animals, thus animal testing for safety is common. Scientific Knowledge: Animal testing and experimentation is an excellent source to increase scientific knowledge. No one knows what knowledge that will be attained through animal testing, so the value of such animal testing cannot be ascertained ahead of time or even guessed. The most common examples of animal experimentation for scientific knowledge are animal biopsies and vivisections in schools to teach children biology and medical procedures.While this type of animal testing might not yield immediate useful results, it has been helpful in the long term of helping science. Accuracy: Finally, the biggest reason for animal testing is because it works better than any other alternative. Why animal testing can yield results different than human testing, the similarities between animals and humans is staggering and thus helpful to mankind. Reasons Against Animal Testing Torture and Suffering: Animals undergoing testing can be subjected to torture and suffering.Alternatively in some cases, some animals may be even cured of their ailments and diseases during the process of animal testing. Death: Animals can, and sometimes often, die in the process of animal testing. Ethics/Morality: The ethics and morality of testing on animals is often debated. A large number of people do not believe animal testing is ethical, however they often concede that it is necessary. Choice: Since animals cannot volunteer for animal testing, then some people believe animal testing is not ethical.These people believe that it is only ethical to test on subjects who willingly give their consent for self testing. Accuracy: As mentioned before, animals are different than people, thus their testing results are not always useful or practical for human comparisons. Therefore, if the usefulness of animal testing is in question, then animal tes ting should be reconsidered. Price: Finally, the price of keeping and disposing of animals can be quite high. That is why testing, on computer simulations, has increased recently. However, the accuracy of computer simulations is less than animal testing.

Research paper of African-American Music Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Of African-American Music - Research Paper Example The Harlem had significant influences over music and dance and introduced the genres of blues, jazz, hip – hop and rap music in America. Two of the types of music are blues and rap which are totally opposite to each other. They have different features and characteristics but are originated from the same race of people; the African Americans. Both the blues and the rap are important types of African American music. The blues was introduced in the hard times of slavery of the Africans in the 19th century, and therefore has a variety of musical expressions and individual styles. This form of music was originated by the spirituals, work songs and rhyming narratives. The blues form is present everywhere in jazz, rock and roll which is characterized through the possession of chords. The blues musical notes are usually for the purpose of throwing expressions and thus they are played on a flattened pitch which is important for the sound. The other characteristics of the blues music genre are the lyrics, bass lines and the instruments. The form can be subdivided in genres like country blues to the urban blues. These became more and more popular in the 20th century when these forms of music became popular in the American culture. Out of all these, Delta, Chicago Blues and jump are the most sung forms. The term blues often refers to sadness or depression. And so it can be analyzed that the form of music represented the period of sadness of the African Americans during the time of slavery and oppression. The lyrics of blues music are most popular for reflecting sorrow and loneliness, although, they do sometimes represent humorous reactions to the common troubles of life (Hamilton, 12). Ever since the blues music has been formed, the singers were known to use expressive lyrics to make some loose narrations. The singer often used a low voice where he tended to convey his

Individual assignmentnew rules of globalization Essay

Individual assignmentnew rules of globalization - Essay Example n reasons for guarded globalisation is the fact that policy makers in various markets create policies as well as international laws that put the local businesses at an advantage while creating more hurdles for international companies. Cases where the government regulates the wealth of the markets as well as the economic development of the country through some form of State capitalism in the emerging markets and recently in the developed markets have brought changes to the free markets and consequently changed globalization. Business that originate in the western world and operate in the emerging market progressively need to compete with the local business that have financial and political support while at the same time having to prove their strategic value in the host market. Regardless of this bleak picture, foreign corporations still have a chance of succeeding in local markets (Freinkman, 2002, p. 79). For instance, in the new phase of globalization, the industries that were initially out-of-bounds may be the best source of strategically important opportunities. In the process of this new phase of globalisation, the foreign businesses can stay at home and increase their strategies at home, get and increase the support of the host as well as the home government, foster alliances with the host countrys businesses and develop more diversity. International economic rules symbolise the standards of behaviours associated with governments, organizations as well as citizens, and they represent a type of self-commitment in such a system (Peil and Staveren, 2009, p. 186). Thus in relation to any system of rules, a negative index can be detected in the form of a sequence of limitations on the behaviour of countrywide governments. These constraints are aimed at a safeguarding international division of labour against conflicting interests from various national governments and the self-commitment of the states also acts as a shelter against the power of protectionist groups

Advanced Valuation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Advanced Valuation - Essay Example the specific case are: a) the criteria that should be ‘adopted by the parties and nominated valuers in relation to the rent review of a lease’ (par. 1). In the above context, a series of similar issues are also examined like the role of notices and the good faith in the development of the relevant procedure and the completion of the task delegated to valuers. The issue of the use of two valuers is also presented in this case. The facts of the particular case could be described as follows: The lease ‘commenced in 1994 and created a term of twelve years commencing on 1 January 1995 (with three successive options for renewal for further terms of five years) covering twenty five floors and a secure area in the Governor Macquarie Tower, Sydney’ (par. 2). On the other hand, the agreement regarding the payment of the lease has been as follows: ‘he rent reserved, referred to in the lease as the minimum rent, was $13,224,7891 per annum and in the original term there were to be five rent review dates occurring two-yearly, the first being 1 January 1997; At or about the commencement of the lease the lessor made an incentive payment to the lessee of $68 million’. It should be noticed that the procedure referred to certain requirements like the ‘negotiation in good faith’ and the ‘appointment of valuers’ however, the relevant guidelines did not precisely followed. T he main issue under examination in the particular trial has been the article 2.11(b) of the relevant contractual agreement. In order to identify the meaning of the above article the parties called experts. At a first level the creation of a completed assumption by the court has been a challenging task because of the existence of many ‘contradictory’ terms in the relevant contractual agreement. For this reason it was supported by the court that â€Å"the parties to the Lease took the view that the benefit of the incentives would be amortised over the first ten years of the Lease; it is

Research techniques and approaches PowerPoint Presentation

Research techniques and approaches - PowerPoint Presentation Example The survey questionnaire was helpful in retrieving real time view of the respondents by presenting certain statements aimed at understanding respondent’s view on the particular variables (GAIMSTER 2011, 56). The responses provided by the respondents will be measured using Likert Scale as this will enable the researcher to determine the degree of agreement or disagreement of the respondent pertaining to particular statements. On the other hand, the interview guideline enabled the researcher to gather in-depth detail about the subject. For evaluating the gathered data scientifically, the researcher shall use the SPSS software (FLYNN & FOSTER 2009, 56). This software provides statistical trends along with the graphical presentation of these trends to help researchers in asserting the primary information and answer research questions. Statistical analysis of surveys: For the purpose of checking the reliability of the data and the hidden information in the form of patterns, the researcher shall use Regression analysis, Corn Bach Alpha test of reliability, one way Anova and Mean analysis (BLESSING, CHAKRABARTI & BLESSING 2009, 89). The data collected will be analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data will be analyzed using grounded theory methods. The hypotheses formulated for this study will be tested with the use of logistic regression and one-way Anova. Logistic regression is multiple regression but with an outcome variable that is a categorical dichotomy and predictor variables that are continuous or categorical (LAU 2012, 11). Quantitative data analysis was done to generate frequencies percentages and means. The resulting quantitative data will be interpreted using simple statistical method. The qualitative data obtained through open-ended questions and interview protocols wil l be analyzed by placing the

Ancestry in a Drop of Blood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ancestry in a Drop of Blood - Essay Example The knowledge of the underlying historical issues of Indians is vital for their social integration especially in the US. This seeks to enable them establish their origin and â€Å"tribe membership†. Consequently, it seeks to enable them to understand their ancient cultural practices and social values that define what it means to be an Indian (Kaplan, 1). As indicated â€Å"Ancestry in a one drop rule† is a historical term used in the US for social classification of various communities and groups, for example, the Indians. The use of the term in describing various societies has made individuals from the settings to engage in systematic modalities to establish their origin (Kaplan, 1). Their interest, for example, the Indians is to establish their â€Å"tribe membership† to avert falling victims of â€Å"racism† in US. Indians who are referred to as Native Americans by the academicians leave in the northern part of the state. It is believed that their descendants are in the northern part of the state and that that is their origin. However, the reference of the Indians as invisible black people has prompted their quest to establish their real identity through â€Å"DNA tests† (Kaplan, 1). The tests are to enable citizens to establish their real origin and native landscape to quell the mixed reports on their origin. The â€Å"DNA tests† will be executed through â€Å"blood quantum† that is a credible procedure of conducting the test. This is to facilitate the identification of individual’s immediate parents and lineage setting (Benhabib, 73). Indeed, some of the Indians preferred to be called native speakers while some had preference to Indian. The term Indian was found later to be politically incorrect since it encourages racism that compromises integration. Some objected the idea of being referred to as native inhabitants since native means a person who is born at the location in question that they doubted. Ideally, the principle of blackness

Family Map Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Family Map Project - Essay Example They sometimes represent unbalanced relationships in the family that prevents healthy family dynamics. Connected and cohesive levels of family cohesion represent the â€Å"most functional across the life cycle, in part because they balance separateness and togetherness† (Olson, et.al., 2005). Family flexibility is the â€Å"amount of change that occurs in leadership, role relationships, and relationship rules† (Olson, 2003, as quoted by Olson, et.al., 2005). Flexibility refers to the family’s ability to adapt or to adjust to an event and to deal with changes in the family. Flexibility is also categorized into four levels, which are: rigid, structured, flexible and chaotic. The balanced response to change indicates the degree of a family’s flexibility. A rigid family has an extreme resistance to change and the chaotic family leans so much on change that its stability is placed in jeopardy. The structured and flexible family balances stability and change as and when events take place in the family. â€Å"Families need a basic foundation that gives them stability, but they also need to be open to change when necessary† (Olson, et.al., 2005). In order for a family to become stronger as a unit, it needs to accept the inevitability of change and sti ll maintain its stability despite the changes. The third dimension of the couple and family map model is communication. â€Å"Communication is the grease that smoothes frictions between partners and family members† (Olson, et.al., 2005). Communication allows family members to work through and to work out their problems and issues with each other. It involves listening skills, speaking skills, self-disclosure, clarity, staying on topic, and respect and regard. Listening skills include empathy and giving feedback; it is not just hearing the other person speak, but also listening to what the other person wants to say. Speaking skills

A religious or moral issue Essay Example for Free

A religious or moral issue Essay Analyse and explain the way in which a religious or moral issue of concern to Christians has been dealt with in a television soap opera The moral issue that I have chosen to follow is adultery, which is when a married person has voluntary sexual intercourse with other married or not married people, rather than his or her spouse. The reason I have chosen this moral issue is because it is part of everyday life, many people are doing it and are not taking notice of the hurt and pain they are causing. I have chosen Eastenders for my soap opera, because it is a popular soap and the moral issue adultery is shown, through Natalie and Rickys affair. Christians have a strong view on adultery, they believe that you should keep sexual intercourse for marriage because it makes it part of a religious or spiritual contact and it makes it dependant on a commitment to spend the rest of your life with someone, also Do not commit adultery is one of the ten commandments, so Christians are totally against adultery. The main characters involved were Ricky, Natalie, Pat and Barry. The storyline begins with, Ricky and his son Liam coming back to the square after a few years away. After a few weeks Ricky is starting to settle down and he is renting a flat with Sam Mitchell his ex-wife, Natalie and Ricky are friends at this point. After a while Natalie realizes she still loves Ricky, her first love, and starts meeting up with him secretly and has sexual intercourse with him. Natalie makes up excuses saying that shes working overtime and during her lunch breaks when shes really meeting up with Ricky. One night Pat sees Ricky picking up Natalie from round the corner from their house. The next morning Pat confronts Natalie about what she saw and tells her to end it but Natalie starts crying and says that she still loves Ricky, but Pat tells Natalie about her own love life and that she would be making a big mistake by seeing Ricky. Natalie is still confused and not sure whom she wants to be with. On Rickys birthday Natalie stays home and looks after Jack and Liam, Rickys son. So Barry, Pat and Roy can go to Rickys party soon after they arrive Barry persuades Roy and Pat to go home and baby-sit so Natalie can come to the party. When Natalie arrives she gives Ricky his card and on the back of the envelope Natalie wrote meet me outside the back where she tells him that she is going to leave Barry. Pat and Natalie talk again and Pat shows Natalie the secret tape, which Barry has recorded for Natalies birthday it is a really special tape because Barry says how much he loves her, how important she is to him and how happy she makes him feel, after seeing the video Natalie realises that she is doing wrong and tells Ricky its over. Natalie realises she cant forget Ricky and soon their affair is back on and they plan to move away from the square and start afresh. They plan to leave on Natalies birthday, Natalie doesnt even care about the preparations that Barry made for her birthday party in the Vic. They are ready to head off but Rickys car has broken down so they have to take the car that Barry bought for Natalie. Barry is still in the Vic waiting for the guest of honour to arrive but Janine knows about Ricky and Natalie and tells Barry. Barry runs outside and sees Natalie driving off but he stops them. Natalie then tells Barry shes leaving him, Barry takes her into the Vic and shows her what he has organised for her, Natalie runs off to the toilets Barry runs after her and tries o make her change her mind but her minds already made up. Natalie is ready to leave but then Janine tells Natalie that Ricky slept with Sam, Natalie leaves the square only taking her son with her. Barry is left heartbroken, he then finds out that Pat knew about Ricky and Natalie, Pat and Roy end up having an argument about it, Roy has a heart attack and dies. The issue seen was dealt sensitively because the different characters feelings were expressed, although it was Natalie who was having the affair, you could see that not only was it the innocent partner that was confused but the partner which was committing adultery was even more confused, Natalie wasnt sure who she wanted to be with at some points and was getting very upset over it. Pat tried to help her make the right decision but Natalie didnt care. This soap opera made the moral issue less appealing, I think that it made people think more about what they are doing is totally wrong. The reason it did not make it more appealing is because it showed all the different circumstances people were left in, Natalie ended it with Ricky because he slept with Sam, Barry was left with no son and no wife, the baby was left with no father, Pat was left as the enemy and homeless because Roy dies and leaves the house to Barry, so the issue was shown well balanced because all the main characters feelings and circumstances were shown, many of the characters were feeling hurt. Overall I think this soap opera has shown adultery to be unpleasant because it shows just how many peoples lives are ruined not just the adultery committers, but people who try to help them understand what they are doing is wrong, but are then given the evil for not telling the truthful partner. So this teaches most viewers that adultery is not a good thing. I dont think that soap operas might affect peoples behaviour because mostly they deal with issues to express the circumstances of good and bad. This issue would not cause offence because although it is an issue, which is happening in everyday life it is not based on particular people.

Role of Hospitality Related Organizations

Role of Hospitality Related Organizations AC 1.3 Assess the role of hospitality related organizations and professional bodies. This research is about the role of the hospitality related organizations and the professional bodies involved, it will also state the role of hospitality related organizations and professional bodies in the UK like the People 1st, British Hospitality Association, Institute of Hospitality and British Institute of Innkeepers, Springboard UK. An assessment of the role of the listed hospitality organization and professional bodies will be made then a conclusion will be drawn to about the above mention. Listed below are the roles of four hospitality related organizations and the professional bodies: People 1st Work with employers to implement solution to increase performance via people. Act as a means of accreditation for colleges and training providers to certify their training programs. People 1st support regional and local bodies growth plans, from destination organizations to councils and local enterprise partnerships (LEPs) says people1st.co.uk Helps with job opportunities and information (people1st.co.uk) British Hospitality Association Implement new polices that create new jobs. 5|Page Contribute to export earnings. Creates a competitive advantage for the UK. (British Hospitality Association, 2016) Institute of Hospitality Its an educational system which certifies students in all aspects of the hospitality sectors worldwide. Supports and approve the hospitality training. (instituteofhospitality.org) British Institute of Innkeepers Represent workers across the hospitality industry. Provide advice and support. Promote professional standards. (BII, 2016) Springboard UK Help youths to achieve their goal. Help people to find jobs. Promote hospitality and tourism. Provide learning outcome for teachers to make their classes Innovative. (springboard.uk.net) The hospitality industry is a very vast and growing industry with different sectors and millions of people working in it to make it function, organizations and professional bodies have been developed to help make this industry flow by engaging in training and certifying activities and to be the back-bone supporter of the people working in the industry. Some of these organization are springboard UK, British Institute of Innkeepers, Institute of Hospitality, British Hospitality Association and People 1st.The springboard UK is responsible for influencing the young people to achieve their goals and to help people of all ages to be employed, they also promote the hospitality and tourism industry (springboard.uk.net). Springboard UK is important as it act as a haven for not only young people bout all  ages so they can have a second chance. British Institute of innkeepers act as a union to support, help and give advice when every they need it, this body is exceptional because the workers need someone to help voice their opinion and problems (BII, 2016). Institute of hospitality is a charity organization that help people to be certified in any sector of their choice doing this promotes the hospitality industry and helps people who cant afford to attend a hospitality school (instituteofhospitality.org). Peoples 1st roles are to increase performance also act as a means of accreditation for hospitality schools doing this helps with job opportunities because upon hiring, companies want to know that the person they are hiring are well accredited (People1st.co.uk, 2016)). Conclusion In conclusion, the role of the organization and professional bodies are very much important to both the industry and the people and it plays a major role in the UK hospitality industry, with helping with job opportunities, training, accreditation for schools also being the voice of the people put it a set above, thus making this very vast industry more manageable.

Juvenile Delinquency And The Problems Of Society Criminology Essay

Juvenile Delinquency And The Problems Of Society Criminology Essay Juvenile delinquency is a common problem that all societies seem to face. Although it is apparent that all juveniles will at some point in their life commit some sort of delinquent act, it is unclear as to why juveniles behave this way. Many theories have been developed to try to explain the phenomena but, no single theory has the perfect answer to the problem. After researching several theories, a theoretical integration of the Anomie theory of Deviance by theorist Robert Merton and the Social Bond theory by theorist Travis Hirschi, juvenile delinquency could both be better explained and potentially be prevented. Ideas from both theories are both accurate; however, when combined the theories could truly rise to their full potential because of shortcomings that both theories show. While the Anomie theory is a social structure theory relying on the environment, it would complement the social bond control theory by integrating the idea that delinquency is a matter of environment, and i t will bring out the inherent evil within all humans (Orcutt 2002). Basically, the environment can enhance the evil or help contain it depending on the positive or negative influence the environment in question has on the individual that is struggling with the internal instinct. The Anomie theory of Deviance offers a good explanation as to why Juveniles are delinquent. In America people live big and our definition of economic well being is very different than those societies in less developed nations, for instance, Africa. The more stuff the better off you are in the current time. This includes: a home, a car, an iPod, the latest trends, and a well paying job or essentially the most amount of money you could possibly get your hands on. According to this theory, the main motivation of our society and the way it operates is this most common focal concern: economic stability (Orcutt 2002). Since this theory is a social structure theory, it considers the macro or larger level of societal conditions. Furthermore, this theory puts the blame on the structure of society and claims that society is the reason for juvenile delinquency. Merton argues that everyone in our society has been socialized and that money and economic prestige and status are so essential to happ iness and life fulfillment. Our concentration on material things and economic status is the motivation for juvenile delinquency within this theory because of the disproportionate opportunities between social classes to achieve the cultural goal (Orcutt 2002). Thus, the problem in society that causes juvenile delinquency, in accordance with this theory, is a lack of legitimate means of achieving what society deems most important: money. Merton believes that that majority of people will conform to the cultural goal and the institutionalized means to achieve it. The ideal and culturally acceptable ways of achieving the cultural goal are what Merton calls institutionalized means (Orcutt 2002). These would include opportunities such as a well paying job, a college education, supporting capitalism and free enterprise, starting your own business, and even working hard or overtime for promotions. However, our society has a problem structurally because the means listed previously are not equally offered between the American social structures. Merton says that although everyone wants to achieve this goal of economic success, the social structure does not provide enough institutionalized means to go around (Orcutt 2002). There are not enough opportunities to support all the people in society who are pushing for the same goal. The upper class obviously has the most opportunity to benefit from institutionalized means because they have a monopoly on the means. They can afford universities, have resources to start businesses, and they can leave money to their children to continue economic success. So they take their share of the means first by simply being born into a high social status. The middle class gets second pick because they too share some of the same opportunities as far as legitimate ways of achieving economic success. On the other hand the problem arises when it comes time for the lower class to try to take advantage of the institutionalized means of achieving the cultural goal. Many in the lower class cannot attend college for lack of money to do so, they cannot pass down money to their children, and they do not have access to higher education which hinders them from being competitive in a higher paying work force. Thus, many opportunities are gone before they even reach the age to apply for college. This situation is called anomie or nomlessness because people have accepted this goal of economic success, but the norms are not consistent with achieving it. This causes the strain between the cultural goal and institutionalized means. The frustration that the strain causes for people of the lower class causes them to turn to illegitimate, or socially unacceptable, means of pursuing the cultural goal (Orcutt 2002). The first is conformity, or, people who achieve the cultural goal by taking advantage of an institutionalized mean (Agnew 2007). The second is innovation. People who become innovators accept the cultural goal, but because of the lack of institutiona lized means, they strive toward economic success by inventing illegitimate or illegal means such as: drug dealing, black market selling, illegal gambling, prostitution, or robbery (Agnew 2007). Basically, their goal is the same but their method of achieving it is different and socially unacceptable. The third category is retreatism. People who fall into this category reject the cultural goal. They cannot achieve the goal and give up on wanting to accomplish it. They also give up the institutionalized means of accomplishing it. They become drug addicts, alcoholics, mentally ill, or those who commit suicide. People who just fade out of society and no longer take part in it- they retreat from society due to the pressures that the narrow cultural goal causes (Agnew 2007). Fourth is the ritualism category. People who fall into this category give up on the cultural goal, but go through the motions of the institutionalized means blindly. They do the means with no goal in mind (Agnew 2007). For example, someone who gives up on getting a degree but still comes to class and simply sleeps or daydreams through lectures is simply following the ritual. They take exams but flunk them all. People that go to work and work 40 hours a week, then go blow their paycheck in hours also fall into the ritualistic category. This theory declares that this kind of behavior is a result of not having the institutionalized means to try to achieve the more middle/upper class lifestyle (Agnew 2007). These people are most likely going to fall in the working class. Finally the fifth category is rebellion. The goal of people in this category is to replace both the cultural goal and the institutional means to achieve it (Agnew 2007). For example a socialist feels that the cultural goal is not economic success, but more so political reform. The white supremacists and black panthers would fall under this category. The Amish would also (in some respects) fall under this umbrella when considering our societies goal by growing their own food and making their own life through means of labor not money. This theory is favorable for consideration as an explanation for all crime except for white collar crime. The reason the strain theory does not apply to white collar crime is because people who have committed such crimes have already achieved the cultural goal and thus dismiss everything the theory stands for. From this perspective, there is no real reason, according to Anomie, for their delinquency. This theory is also favorable because it is relatively easy to test. Travis Hirchis Social Bond theory is another interesting perspective to consider as an explanation of Juvenile delinquency. According to Hirchis social bond theory, there are four elements to consider and explain why people conform to societies norms. Because this is a Control theory, instead of explaining why crime is committed this theory explains what is needed to prevent delinquency from happening; in other words, control theories explain why people conform (Welch 1998). Hirchi believed that it is necessary for one to have attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief in order to prevent delinquency and promote more pro-social behavior (Shoemaker 2000). Attachment refers to the psychological and emotional connection one feels toward another persons or groups and the extent to which one cares about their opinions and feelings. This is the more social concept of the theory (Shoemaker 2000). Commitment is the result of a cost-benefit approach to delinquency. It refers to investments accumulated in terms of conformity to conventional rules, such as time, money, effort and status, versus the estimated costs or losses of investment associated with nonconformity. This is the rational aspect of the theory. Commitment is also involves the commitment to ones future. This means an individuals hopes, dreams, aspirations, and desires. The stronger commitment to ones future allows less risk for delinquent behavior because it gives individuals a reason to not commit delinquent acts. Involvement refers to the participation in conventional and legitimate activity, which could include extracurricular activities such as school plays, clubs, organizati ons, and athletic events (Shoemaker 2000). Belief involves the acceptance of a conventional value system. The weakening of the belief in conventional values and norms is a major factor in the risk of delinquency. If youth does not believe in the values they are being taught, there is much less reason for them to conform. In the Shoemaker book, this theory was evaluated with three relationships in mind; delinquency and religion, delinquency and the family, and delinquency and school (Shoemaker 2000). Although this theory can be used to explain all types of crime, these relationships further proved its accuracy. According to Shoemaker, there is a relationship between delinquency and religion in the aspect that delinquents are less religiously active than nondelinquents (Shoemaker 2000). However, when considering the family lives of delinquents, broken homes were a huge pre-indicator of delinquency to come. If a family life is healthy and stable for an individual, the risk of delinquency is much less than that of a single parent home or an abusive home. School can also play a significant part, especially when considering the attachment factor of the theory. School failure is almost always correlated with delinquency therefore it is important that a student feels both attached and committed to their education. The frustration from missing such components in their school experience can be devastating to their future and can run a much higher risk for delinquency (Shoemaker 2000). The social bond theory is favorable because it can be easily tested by breaking down all the components of the bond. Attachment and commitment can be observed as well as the other elements of this theory. Yet, the unfavorable factor about this theory is that it does not adequately explain the drift theory alone. This theory only gives the view on people who are delinquent and by society learn to control their delinquency. It does not account very well for those who commit a delinquent act once in their youth and then grow to be productive citizens of society. Despite this flaw in my integration theory I have included a valid explanation for the drift theory and the aging out concept. By integrating these two theories, delinquency can be much more understood in terms of the constant internal struggle that humans face against the inherent evil they are born with. The environment which youths encircle themselves in plays a role in how well they can control the evil that so wishes to emerge. This integrated theorys outlined struggle between the environment and the inherent evil can also better explain the drift theory and aging out because it shows the fact that though youth believe in the socially constructed norms, they are not perfect and sometimes the opposing side of their battle wins and thus causes them to commit a delinquent act. An impressionable, influenced youth who is trying to create an identity may struggle to find a niche or environment which they feel can allow them to both express themselves and be in congruence with the morals and values their parents, and society have instilled in them. The struggle to maintain control of internal evil is more diff icult for youth than adults because they do not yet have enough commitment to their future to want to control their delinquent impulses. This is why aging-out applies because as youths grow older and mature into adults the idea of their future becomes more real and thus they need to find ways to secure the well being of both themselves and their families. Ultimately their attachments grow to more conventional things. My integrated theory is especially important when considering the lower class because with the lack of institutionalized means to create a healthy environment, youths tend to turn to illegitimate means in order to commit and believe in something, regardless if it is healthy or not. The struggle to maintain control of their evil is attributed to the fact that they do not have a secure future due to broken families, school failure and status frustration, and lack of exposure to legitimate means of achieving the cultural goal. This situation is to blame for youths falling into unhealthy peer groups, taking advantage of illegitimate means, and ultimately becoming delinquents. For example a student who is failing in school because his school does not have funding for extracurricular activities does not have as much attachment to school as does a middle class student who is committed to their future by means of programming that influences her to believe education will guide their to succes s. Also, if a students family does not appreciate the value of a college education the student will thus not be in an environment that encourages this particular legitimate mean. Thus in a circular fashion, the parents dont attend college or pursue a higher education and so the children do not feel an attachment, commitment, or belief in the idea of education. They then cannot make enough money to support themselves, and like many in their community turn to illegitimate means of making money. According to the anomie theory, the disproportion of the institutionalized means is to blame for delinquency. An obvious solution would be to offer more institutionalized means to the lower class. I feel that by both adding and sharing the experiences of the higher social classes, it can offer commitment and attachment to the lower class youth. I believe that if society provides more institutionalized means to the lower class, the youth will then socially bond to the means and the positive influences they will bring. Thus, delinquency will diminish based on the fact that youths will learn skills that will help them control their inherent delinquent impulses. This integrated theory is better than the theories alone because it provides both an explanation for the drift phenomena and it will provide opportunities to help prevent white collar crime as well. The two theories both complement each other and offer a solution for each others shortcomings. I also feel that this would address a ll levels of crime even white collar crime because it could potentially bond those who have achieved the cultural goal with those who have not. This would allow people who have it all so to speak have more charitable opportunities and would offer them an opportunity to help others through the legitimate social bond process. This would spread goodwill among the upper class and allow them to have more generous thoughts. Perhaps, if given the opportunities to help others in need of institutionalized exposure, the greed that drives a lot of white collar crime could be potentially lessened as well as the lower class delinquency. Basically, this would bring less divide between the social statuses. The most beneficial delinquency policy prevention to my integrated theory would be mentorship programs and funding for extracurricular activities for youth in underprivileged communities. I believe that by implementing sports teams and after school organizations with students who are of a mixed social class, but similar athletic ability and interests, would both bond the students and offer good role models for the lower income students to look up to. I feel that many children do not get the exposure to legitimate institutionalized means or people who conform to the means enough to fully understand and appreciate them. If a child had a mentor who has a strong commitment to the future, and a low record of delinquent acts, perhaps the child could also learn to have a commitment to their own future. I also feel that schools could sponsor more trade programs and apprenticeships for students who are academically challenged. I also feel that by funding more extracurricular organizations for different cultures, religions, and interests for youth of all kind would attract a more diverse population to the community in question. By forming a stronger more opportunistic community, people would bond with others in different races or of different cultures. We need for people of different backgrounds to attach to the same activities and mentality so they can all pursue a common goal and so they can all believe in and accept the same conventional value system. There needs to be more interaction between the classes so that the environment becomes more neutral and the institutionalized means become more available to people out of the upper class. Children who have a tutor who does well in school and is praised for it may look up to their tutor as a role model and thus decided that they too believe in the value of an education. People need to start using each other as a resource for a better society in the future. I f more people acted on the beliefs of this theory not only do I feel delinquency would be significantly less in youth, but those youth would grow to make society as a whole better in their adulthood. This theory helps ensure the future of tomorrow with the youth of today. I feel that this could condition children to believe in and be open to all kinds of people and thus reduce racial tension, gender bias, and even police discretion. I feel that it is time to break the stereotypes and labels that we have been socially conditioned to believe in. I also feel that more academic funding is necessary for scholarships to be given to a wider range of people across the social classes. I think that scholarships are too easily given to those who can afford to attend college without assistance and thus leave little opportunities for students who are truly in need. In addition to college scholarships I think apprenticeship scholarships to pay for job training and equipment is necessary too. I feel that students are too often pressured into thinking that college is the only form of higher education. This theory could be easily tested. I would first take a random sampling of data from youth from different social classes about their experiences with school and their community. This would measure happiness, fulfillment, delinquent acts in the individual, and goals or plans for the future. Then I would do a more restricted sampling and survey from students who have committed delinquent acts and upper class students who have secure grades, access to institutionalized means and seem destined to succeed in society (probably based on teacher recommendations etc). After taking this basic data I would conduct another survey after implementing an afterschool mentorship (with the same delinquents in question) which includes; college visits, community service, job shadowing, sports and recreational activities, and free tutoring. After six months with this mentor, I would administer yet another survey to both the mentor and mentee and see if social bonding occurred and if the delinquent is ha ppier now that he or she has adopted many similar values and beliefs as their mentor. Finally a year after the mentorship ends, I would find those previously deemed delinquent students and hope that the mentorship programming encouraged the students enough that they would then have faith in their futures and would be doing better socially, academically, and legally. It is my belief that the interaction would prove my theory correct. My final step in the policy amendments and testing procedures would be to encourage for the juvenile court system to adopt and attempt to fund such mentorship programming for first time delinquent youths. I feel that this would help stop things before they become repeat offenders and thus will quicken the aging out process by surrounding youth with a more positive environment. Repeat juvenile offenders could potentially be asked to serve their time and then be placed in a regulated apprenticeship to learn a trade. Hopefully they will socially bond with co-workers and age out of delinquency in pursuit of a steady paycheck. Though I realize that my theory would take a lot of work to implement and would never be able to completely annihilate juvenile delinquency, I do feel that it could create positive changes in the lives of youths everywhere. If more people believed in sharing institutionalized opportunities with the lower class and making institutionalized opportunities more available we could provide positive influences for youths. This would allow youth to learn all the skills necessary to control their delinquent impulses and thus would give youth a reason to conform to the socially accepted norms of society. .

Tough Guy Case Study: Managing Organizational Conflict Essay -- Tough

Introduction: The Tough guy case study focuses on Chip Mazey, a newly appointed Vice President of the Hudson Smith Gordon. Though many of the employees that worked with Chip Mazey had a problem with his attitude around the workplace, none was bold enough to confront him. The employees faced many challenges as none of them has the power to change. They all considered it â€Å"tricky business†. The employees were hesitant to report Mazey’s attitude mainly because they thought he would deny the allegations or reporting it to the seniors would result in a tense situation within the workplace. As such, they all chose to bear with his sharp, unprovoked, and unrelenting lashings. Defining the Problem: Chip Mazey, man who has been with the organization, has done wonders to the organization with his sheer intelligence and working style, known to have shown productive results. Yet he also had bagged the ill reputation of being a ruthless and reprove in nature. Mazey though has been part of the organization for a longtime, developed poor interpersonal and managerial skills. Hardly appreciates of their work, never gave credit or appreciated for good work and also had disgusting behavior of selling other’s ideas as his. His mantra for controlling and influencing his subordinates was to put them under pressure and float fear among them. Almost every employee have a disconcerting experiences with VP. In fact Mazey doesn’t share all the details that are required to complete the task, created panic in the minds of the employees by showcasing the meetings which were not planned and used to assign the tasks which were no necessity. He constantly took means of threatening, demand ing, intimidating which clearly shows that he was dominant in nature and... ...ngo. Manuel Mendonca. Ethical Dimensions of Leadership. ISBM 0-8039-5787-4. SAGE Publications, India. Lussier, R.N., & Achua, C.F., (2010). Leadership, Theory, Application, & Skill Development. (4th ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Allen Nan, S. (2008). Conflict resolution in a network society. International Negotiation, 13(1), 111-131. doi:10.1163/138234008X297995 Brubaker, D., & Verdonk, T. (1999). Conflict transformation training in another culture: A case study from Angola. Mediation Quarterly, 16(3), 303-319. Tost, L., Gino, F., & Larrick, R.P (2013). When power makes others speechless: The negative Impact of Leader power on team performance. Academy Of Management Journal, 56(5), 1465-1486. doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0180 Yemen, G., Clawson, J., & Bigelow, E.T. (2007). Tough Guy. University of Virginia, Darden Business Publishing.

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: Movie and Book Essay -- Movie Film co

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: Movie and Book The novel, "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings", by Maya Angelou is the first series of five autobiographical novels. This novel tells about her life in rural Stamps, Arkansas with her religious grandmother and St. Louis, Missouri, where her worldly and glamorous mother resides. At the age of three Maya and her four-year old brother, Bailey, are turned over to the care of their paternal grandmother in Stamps, Arkansas. Southern life in Stamps, Arkansas was filled with humiliation, violation, and displacement. These actions were exemplified for blacks by the fear of the Ku Klux Klan, racial separation of the town, and the many incidents in belittling blacks. Maya knows that to be black and female is to be faced with violence and violation. This is brought into focus when she goes to live with her mother and is raped by her mother’s boyfriend. When Maya is faced with this catastrophe, tells who did this to her, and the man is killed, she believes her voice killed him. She withdraws into herself and vows never to speak again. Her mother feeling that she has done everything in her power to make Maya talk, but can cannot reach her, sends Maya and her brother back to Stamps. After Maya returns to Stamps and with the help of her Teacher-Ms. Flowers she begins to speak again. The culmination of the novel is when Maya describes her eighth grade graduation. Angelou, her classmates, and parents listen to the condescending and racist manner in which the guest speaker talks. After listening to his insults, Maya realizes "she is the master of her fate" which was expressed in the valedictory address given by her classmate. Maya becomes a single parent at the age of eighteen, bu... ..., the film portrayed the kids being overly whelmed with hatred when they received gifts from their parents. It was like they never knew their parents existed. Another example of the difference between the book and the movie is Mr. Freeman (mother’s boyfriend) was presented as being very reserved with the children. In the movie he was seen as warm, talkative, and friendly towards Maya and her brother. The film also showed Mr. Freeman’s manly behavior by confronting Vivian (Maya’s mother) at her job. However, in the book Mr. Freeman never left the house, he always sat and waited at home for her. Although reality involves a vast supply of details and you can not select them all. Many writers, directors, and artists, emphasis with this information and diminish other information in order to make the novels, movies, plays and etc. more vivid to our imagination.

Asian Literature Essay

Asia, the world’s largest continent, expands from the area formerly known as the U.S.S.R. to the Bering Strait and as far south as the Indian Ocean. Scholars limit the areas of Asia to focus predominantly on the Eastern Asian area in regard to Asian American literary guidelines. Asian American literature allows a further exploration of the past and traditional Asian philosophies like Confucianism and Buddhism. Asian American literature also provides a voice to a culture generally ignored allowing Asian American authors to dispel stereotypes and explain cultural traditions. Asian American literature contains numerous originating nationalities, religions, languages, and philosophies for a monolithic philosophical definition. Asian Philosophy The basis of Eastern Asian philosophy finds roots in the principle of awareness of the relationship between all things and events. This principle explains the idea of the concept of the unification of an individual with the universe or a sense of oneness. Eastern philosophy encompasses the principles of Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, and Taoism. Buddhists believe in the principle of the Middle Way or to seek moderation and avoid self-indulgence or extravagance (Ling, n.d.). Buddhists accept the impermanence of nature and an interconnection of all things. Confucianism encompasses the principles of personal and governmental morality, appropriateness of social relationships, sincerity, and justice (Ling, n.d.). Hinduism in India and Taoism in China are two other philosophies reigning from Eastern Asia. Hinduism expresses a belief in the idea of the Absolute. This principle explains the accepted human reality as an illusion because the spirit lives infinitely. Hinduism preaches the idea of meditation to connect with the environment and reach self-realization. Taoism expresses the principle of Nature. Taoists believe the principle of Nature flows throughout life and connects all things (Ling, n.d.). Taoists seek to find harmony with Nature to find a happy and virtuous life. Limited exposure to Asian philosophy in America through literature cause a stereotypical and limited opinion of Asian American culture and philosophy. Typically Americans find exposure to Asian and Asian American culture and philosophy through movies and television shows creating specific stereotypes of Asian culture. The inadequate availability of Asian and Asian American literature in the United States to explain the principles of the Asian philosophies Asian Americans believe does not provide a strong voice in the Asian American community for change. The literature available explains the experience of Asian Americans in the United States. Asian Literature The experiences of Asian immigrants and Asian Americans in modern society typify Asian American literature. Scholars generally recognized Asian American literature written beginning in the 1970s as part of the Asian American canon. Asian American literature depicts the immigrant experience in America and in later generation assimilation. Asian American literature illustrates how language created stereotypes difficult to overcome. Asian American literature also explores the feelings of Asian Americans living in internment camps during WWII and how Asian Americans incorporate Asian culture with American culture to fit into the American cultural scheme. In the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan explains how all people speak in different languages and the subsequent categorization based on speech. Tan explains the different types of English she uses to write and the kind of English she uses when she speak with her mother. When Tan speaks to her mother she speaks broken English so that her mother understands rather than grammatically correct English. â€Å"I heard myself saying this: not waste money that way,† (Wong, 1996, p. 40). Tan explains she uses this type of English when speaking with her family even though her mother understands more English than speaking in a broken up pattern denotes. Tan later says, â€Å"When I was growing up, my mother’s â€Å"limited† English limited my perception of her,† (Wong, 1996, p. 43). Tan explains how in generally American’s view Asians who speak with fractured English as limited in knowledge or intelligence and how she herself was a victim of viewing her own mother through this stereotype. Tan uses the experience of her Asian mother to explain cultural racism in America and how English as her second language speakers makes daily communications difficult. In â€Å"No Name Woman† by Maxine Hong Kingston explains how a Chinese mother explained life lessons and warnings to her children through the same stories she grew up being told. The mother in the story tells a bloody tale of a woman who disgraced herself by becoming pregnant and how the villagers destroyed the woman’s belongings and the family’s home as well as killing animals and taking items to bless themselves after cleansing the house. The story ends with the pregnant woman killing herself and her baby and is never mentioned by the family again as if she never existed. â€Å"Don’t let your father know I that I told you. He denies her. Now that you have started to menstruate, what happened to her could happen to you. Don’t humiliate us,† (Maxine Hong Kingston, n.d., para. 9). Kingston’s mother embraces traditional storytelling from over the top examples to discourage behavior in the younger generations. Garrett Hongo’s â€Å"Kubota† tells the story of Hongo’s grandfather and how after the attacks on Pearl Harbor by Japan he and his family feared for their lives. Hongo’s grandfather, a Japanese American citizen, gathered for questioning by the FBI because of being part Japanese. It did not matter that he was born an American citizen as were the other Japanese Americans gathered it only mattered that he was Asian. â€Å"Many of these men–it was exclusively the Japanese American men suspected of ties to Japan who were initially rounded up–did not see their families again for over four years,† (Hongo, 1995, para. 7). Hongo explores the political prejudices endured by Japanese American’s during the war and how this treatment changed people. Hongo explained, â€Å"I am Kubota’s eldest grandchild, and I remember him as a lonely, habitually silent old man who lived with us in our home near Los Angeles for most of my childhood a nd adolescence,† (Hongo, 1995, para. 8). Conclusion Asian American literature encompasses the philosophical and cultural traditions of the area in Asia known as Eastern Asia. The generally accepted principle throughout different Asian philosophies is self-actualization and oneness with the nature. In the United States Asian immigrants struggled to find work and cultural identity while assimilating to American culture. Often Americans stereotype older Asian Americans as not intelligent because of a fractured way of speaking English rather than speaking with proper grammar. Asians in America faced political racism during the war Asian Americans loyalty came into question because of the physical appearance of Asian descent. Asian American literature includes the colorful and dramatic storytelling style of Asian culture when explaining the importance of accepting and continuing traditional Asian values to younger Asian American generations.

Response to the book ‘Flowers for Algernon’ Essay

The story of â€Å"Flowers for Algernon† is about a man named Charlie Gordon and his life as an intellectually disabled person. But his life changes when he undergoes an operation to increase his intelligence and become smarter than the average person. Once he becomes smart he starts to realise things that he would not have when he was disabled. Even thou Charlie was intellectually disabled he still lived what he thought was a very good life. He had a job; he had what he thought were friends there. Charlie also went to an adult education class where he enjoyed learning. He also had a nice little place of his own. However, because he is disabled he does miss out on numerous opportunities that many of us take for granted. So it seems he was living an enjoyable life, therefore I neither feel sorry for him nor feel he was lucky. Charlie’s friends at the factory were not ‘true friends’. Most of them, especially Joe Carp and Frank Reilly, made fun of Charlie at his expense. For example, one time Frank and Joe took Charlie out for a couple of drinks, they got him drunk and made fun of him because of his job as a janitor. After that Frank and Joe ditched Charlie, he thought he was getting them a newspaper and a coffee, but they ran off. Even after all this Charlie still thought that Frank and Joe were his friends because he didn’t understand that they were making fun of him. I believe that most people with intellectual disabilities are treated fairly. Most are given nearly the same opportunities as normal people would get, eg go to school, get a job and even play sports on weekends. Furthermore most people these days are mature, and don’t take advantage of any disabled people. The story really hasn’t changed the way I feel towards intellectually disabled people. If I hadn’t grown up knowing one it may have. Disabled people should be treated the same and given the same opportunities as all other people because that is what they really want.

Financial Statement Review

Financial Statement Review University of Phoenix ACC/561 Financial Statement Review Introduction Financial statements play a significant role in each and every type of business. The financial statements provide a wealth of information to auditors, creditors, investors, suppliers and other important venues that need access to this type of information. This paper will discuss four different types of financial statements and how they are utilized by vendors, creditors and others. The four financial statements that will be reviewed are the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statements and statement of retained earnings.Income Statement Beginning with the income statement, the information provided includes the amount of revenue that the company earns over a certain period of time. The period of time is usually a year or some a portion of a year. An income statement reveals the net worth or loss of a company reporting on the costs and expenses associated with the revenue earnings. Balance Sheet The balance sheet is a snapshot which examines the business. This statement records assets, liabilities and the equity of a company at a particular point in time.The equation used for the balance sheet is assets = liabilities + shareholdersequity. Assets are those things that the company actually owns or controls. The liabilities are represented by the debt or financing that was taken out to acquire those assets. Equity is that money that has been provided by people or stockholders to keep the business afloat. Statement of Cash Flows The statement of cash flows statements reports over a period of time and covers cash inflows and outflows. Generally the statement of cash flows refers to the day to day operations or operating cash flows, cash from investing and cash from financing.It is difficult for a company to manipulate the cash flow and therefore is a very important financial statement. Statement of Retained Earnings The statement of retained earnings reports on cha nges in retained earnings for a specific period. The statement of retained earnings reconciles the beginning and ending retained earnings for that period and will include net income from other statements. It is an inclusion to either the balance sheet or the income statement and not a stand-alone financial statement. Importance of Financial Statements Financial statements have a significant impact on the successfulness of a company.Depending on whether you’re an investor, creditor or manager, the information that is most crucial will depend on who you are. An investor is concerned with the bottom line and the overall value and growth of a company. A company’s earnings and revenue can be compared to the stock price. As an investor the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows is important. Investors will review the information and determine if the company overcame any obstacles and if there is still room for growth. They will also review the net income / loss and the history over previous years to determine any growth or potential for growth.As a creditor, information that is important is the current amount of debt and the amount of cash that is available to pay back that debt. The statement that would be most beneficial would be the balance sheet. The balance sheet contains all of the assets to include cash and cash equivalents and current liabilities as well. It is important to know the current ratio for a creditor to determine the worthiness of the company and the ability to pay both short term and long term debts. A manager is going to be concerned with all statements.When questions are asked by investors and creditors it usually falls back on the manager. It is important for a manager to know the financial position of an organization as it relates to them. Conclusion It is clear that all financial statements play an important role within an organization. The information needed is dependent on who is reviewing the information . The information needs to be reported accurately and efficiently and will cover a specific point in time or a certain period. References Kimmel, Paul D. (2009) Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making (3rd ed). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Learning Log: the Affective Filter Hypothesis

The Affective Filter Hypothesis: Some Insights â€Å"The attendance for Miss Zaljiah’s English class has never been below 80% throughout her six teaching years in the polytechnic. You can often find her sitting beside the students working and guiding them through answers and task completion. Students’ commitment are often witnessed through their energy level, engagements during discussions in reaction to her video-recorded lectures. Smartphones, ‘Google’ and ‘Facebook’ are often their constant companion. At 55, she is an inspiration. † Teachers today go the extra mile to create relevant content, reflective enough of the real world.With the birth of screen-staring culture, it is undeniable how technology has overwhelmed current classroom pedagogies increasing the dire need for more enjoyable and stress-free learning environment. From Krashen’s perspective, Affective Filter seem to have its stand. The affective filter by Krashen is a ‘mental barrier’ students and teachers must reduce for learning fluidity. (Dulay and Burt, 1977 in Krashen, 1981). These three factors; low motivation and self-confidence combined with high anxiety built in students a ‘mental wall’ which impedes language from being acquired and internalized. Krashen, 1982). Students’ affective filter must be kept low with confidence and motivation, in order for the highest input to possibly reach the acquisition part of the brain. (Krashen, 1981). Supported and summarized by Macintyre (1995), he stated â€Å"language learning is a cognitive ability that relies on encoding, storage and retrieval processes. Anxiety can interfere by creating divided attention scenarios for anxious students. † (p. 96). Gardner and Macintyre’s (1993) characterized this apprehension as derogatory self-related cognitions.Now, the question is does learning stop when the fun stops? Does learning fail because of studentsâ€℠¢ anxiety and boredom? Or learning fails because students feel anxious and bored? We only focus and emphasize what deemed important for us. While one may agree the affective filter plays a role, its causal relationship cannot be proven. It is bias to say learning happens only with motivated and confident students and if they are not, learning never took place. It can never be argued that the presence of learning is the absence of anxiety or otherwise.To debate from an eclectic point of view, students’ various learning styles, multiple intelligences, idiosyncracies, language ego, literacy creativity and error-correction tolerance influences the acquisition process. These affective domains function in both directions. (Cook, 2000) Both students and teachers complement the learning process. The teacher certainly has the â€Å"influential effect on both the linguistic performance and emotional well-being of the students†. (Heyde, 1999 in Brown, 2000). Students can â€Å"u nfold their wings† with proper classroom techniques. (Andres, 1999).In conclusion, teachers should develop a perceptive and intuitive ability backed by theoretical grounds to decide on the effectiveness for the students. Students should not be choked in their language attempts as ‘anxiety can be facilitated’ (Bailey, 1983) in creating a meaningful learning environment. The fundamental principle of SLA is that every human capacity and ability is diversified should be addressed. Every lesson should aim to resonate with the spirit of each learner as balance is created in tapping everybody’s interest in the language classroom. (510 words) ———————– 1

SC3039C Punishment and Modern society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SC3039C Punishment and Modern society - Essay Example The purpose of punishment is to give justice to the victim and to discourage other people from following the same action in the future. If there is no authority involved then the action is more of a revenge than or an act of hostility rather than a punishment (Rusche et al 1939: 4). Durkheim is considered the founding fathers of sociology and his theories have greatly influenced the sociological side of criminology. To fully understand his point of view, we must first understand what his assumptions behind the analysis were. Durkheim believed that a society can be understood scientifically. In his first book, the Division of Labour in Society, Durkheim suggested that a society was like a body; a body works with all its parts working in harmony i.e. the hands need the head and the head needs the hands. Similarly, a society cannot function without the individual and the individual cannot function without the society (Durkheim 1984: 58). Durkheim was also of the view that majority of th e individuals share a common moral structure in the society, and this defines the individual’s role in the society (Durkheim 1964: 108). However, there is always a group of people that choose to non-conform to the values set by the society. Durkheim saw the non-conformist functional for the society. In his book The Division of Labour in Society, Durkheim talks about anomie, which is social instability caused by lack of moral standards (Durkheim 1984: 38). It can be described as a situation where rules on how to behave.

How College Algebra is used in the Nursing Field Essay

How College Algebra is used in the Nursing Field - Essay Example Across the globe, the numbers provide lots information to be used by the medical professionals. Moreover, it is quite reassuring when the public realizes that the nurses who serve them have a strong and proper training in mathematics (linear algebra) and how it is applied in medicine. Nursing being a social science, it requires more than the usual attention to the bedside caring methods. This is a profession that requires a strong foundation in mathematics, precisely linear algebra. The basic algebra formulas and calculations enable a nurse to perform all their duties that can range from the care of patients to the aiding doctors. This paper is meant to the how a professional nurse can apply the algebraic knowledge in every aspect of day to day duties. It will discuss the medication bit of the profession, the medical data collection and analysis tools, the working equipment, various specialties and the laboratory or the lab interpretations. Beside this, the paper is going to discuss the aspect of prescriptions, the possible proportions and ratios, the patient’s body mass indices and the CAT scans that all apply the linear algebra concept and knowledge (Elliot & Joyce, 2005). To start with, as a professional nurse, i will apply linear algebra in administering the rightful medication which requires some mathematical concepts or rather ideas in the calculation of the correct dosage like the intravenous amounts of fluids and the size of pills. Regularly, nurses administer medication which is prescribed by doctors for respective patients. Most of these medications have a number of guidelines that include the amount of dosage such as the milligrams per kilogram. Thus, the nurses must figure out the amount of medication in milligrams required by a patient, depending on how they weigh. If a patient mass is weighed in pounds, a nurse has to convert the required ratios to kilograms and find the right milligram amount for the medication or prescription. In medicine , there is a big difference between the mg/Ibs and the mg/kg. Thus, it is imperative that a professional nurse understands how to convert these weight measurements accurately. Moreover, there are some instances where a nurse must determine the duration of a prescription. For instance, if a patient has to take a medication such as a single pill thrice a day for duration of one month, a nurse has to calculate the number of pills which will be sufficient for this period. These calculations have to be done mentally with accuracy and speed. Moreover, while administering medication, I will consider the amount of time a medication lasts in the human body since most medication decreases by specific percentages over time; say by ten percent (10%) in every hour. Thus, these percentages will have to be expressed in rational numbers or rather fractions; 1/10. The constant decrease in the ratios creates a geometric series or rather a geometric sequence. Therefore, if the medication given to the patient is a pill of 100mg, the drug decrease in the body each hour will be expressed as 100, 10, 1, 1/10, 1/100, †¦ From this sequence, the amount of medication in the body of a patient after say five hours is close to zero. Thus, the sequence of the above numbers gives a geometric series due to the common ratio of 1/10. So, I will use this idea to decide on how often a patient can take a particular prescription. As a nurse I will

Molecular basis of circadian rhythms Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Molecular basis of circadian rhythms - Article Example In a fast growing world where travelling is essential to many individuals, jet lag is a common denominator among those individuals. Scientifically speaking, this was mainly because of the disruption of the circadian clock. According to the study of Glossop, Lyons & Hardin, the circadian clock worked in an interlocked feedback loops that is further divided into two: a per-tim loop which is activated by dCLK-CYC and repressed by PER-TIM and a dClk loop which is repressed by dCLK-CYC and depressed by PER-TIM (766). Through these loops, it has been identified that there are five genes necessary for effective circadian rhythm, among of which include the period (per), timeless (tim), Drosophilia Clock (dClk), Cycle (Cyc), and double-time (dbt) (Glossop, Lyons & Hardin, 766). However, nothing can be observed without going through the gene level and oscillating the anatomical structures for sleep and wakefulness. Clock-controlled genes consist of input pathways, oscillator or pacemaker, and output pathways (Cermakian & Corsi, 59). As stated earlier, initiating circadian rhythm requires oscillation and this can be done only through a pacemaker or oscillator. Oscillation occurs automatically as this is a temporal program. A well-oscillated circadian clock has self-sustained rhythm during its long period, compensated with respect to the abrupt changes in the environment, predominantly exposed to cycles of light, temperature, food availability and predator, and has various difference in the assembly of cellular clocks (Merrow, Spoelstra & Till, 931). Without this pathways and oscillation, the rhythm of the circadian clock will definitely be disrupted. The study of circadian clock will not only help humans in adaptation but the agriculture and animal industry as well. Experts would be able to condition the organism to environmental changes. Farmers can manipulate the pthosynthetic activity of the plants to match the appropriate

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Marketing - Assignment Example To achieve the consistent theme the magazine uses pictures and names of different products that are on offer. In addition, the magazine highlights the location of different properties, customer service that are offered and the working hours of the company. The consistent features of the magazine are elements that are intended to give more information to the customers about the quality of the products and their benefits to the customers. This includes pictures of the actual item, fine details about the products such as type, model, and performance. Other consistent features of the magazine include terms of sale such as prices of different products, buying procedures and after sales service. The leading title of the article has a direct relationship with the ad. â€Å"Automobile Magazine launches new Ipad application† (Diehlman web). This title is directly related to the advertisements of the magazine. The magazine displays a wide range of exclusive products for its customers to choose. The title of the article is intended at capturing the interest of customers who are willing to either own motor vehicles or upgrade their current cars with the classy products offered by Suzuki. The competitive environment of the magazine is its unique display of different classy motor vehicles. In collaboration with the Apple Company, the magazine has launched an Ipad application for its customers. The ad is intended for first time car owners particularly those who are looking for classy and sophisticated models of automobiles. The ad also targets people who are conscious of technology. With the abilities of modern devices such as Ipads and Ipad, car owners can have different abi lities on their cars. The ad is also targeting those who are willing to upgrade their current automobiles for the available classy cars that are on display. Finally, the ad is targeting people who like been

This is about International Relations Theory look assignment criteria Essay

This is about International Relations Theory look assignment criteria please - Essay Example However, the formerly mentioned one guided the world towards taking strong and precisely designed military action in order to neutralize the powerful state of that time. The debate was famous for happening in the mid of 1930s and 40s (Jackson & Sorensen 2013). The idealist scholars and theorists urged the world to converge and consequently resolve their issues with the help of international institutions and the elementary argument of this school of thought was the needed growth of economic and fiscal interdependencies so that econometric interests of the entire world can be streamlined. The modern world of international business is representing the practical application of historical idealist theory because nationality was believed to be the base of every war and therefore, internationalization of economic world forces the national level management towards collaboration with other countries and as a result, the traditional animosities of nations are known to degrade because greater l evel of globalization is taking place in the global marketplace. The nations are primarily busy in developing national level competitive advantage. The growing economic pressures in the global market are identified as the primary force that is compelling the nations to grow their collaborative efforts with other economies. The challenges of terrorism and global unemployment and recession are few instances of confronts that require global integration of resources’ deployment. Thusly, it can be argued that violent wars cannot be stopped by supporting more violence but they can be controlled via promoting trade and business because these measures have the power required to impress the humanity with fruits and benefits of collaborative existence and finally, the time is not far away when humans will embrace the idea of global citizenship. Q.2 The notion of unipolarity states that one nation or region will accumulate the power and strength to influence the cultural and value-based outlook of the entire world. The bipolarity and multipolarity tend to establish that human civilizations have different culture and societal realities and therefore, their populations’ mindset are notably different from each other. The difference in cultural norms is significantly noted to be present in case of personal and private values (Jackson & Sorensen 2013). But, corporate culture all around the world is exhibiting Americanization and therefore, the law of effort is prevailing in all parts of the world. Still, few regions are trying to keep their cultural outlook and identity intact. The cultural experts are of the view that they will eventually fail as globalization is going to eat away each and every cultural and normative difference across cultures and nations while, leaving the world with a common culture in a few decades. Therefore, according to modern way of thinking, unipolarity will become a norm in the near future and because of this reason, national and regi onal level conflict will further degrade. In this way, humans may learn to live peacefully as cultural differences are believed to be the major causes of conflict in humanity’s history. Q.3 The liberals believe that democratic governments come into power due to public’s voting authority and therefore, they are well aware of the fact that they are needed to go back to the masses in order to get support in the next election. The need to win the subsequent elections causes the

Marin education fund scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marin education fund scholarship - Essay Example I do not regret this arrangement because I am fully convinced that it is my duty to support my parents who have worked really hard to raise me and my siblings. I am a responsible person who is focused on whatever he does, and I work with dedication and sincerity. Though my family could not offer me the opportunities many of my schoolmates had, we believe in standing for each other in times of need and we stick together as a unit. Though this demands some responsibility, I consider this phase of life as a learning experience in remaining truthful to one’s priorities and goals. I would like to pursue my studies and expand my chances of getting a better job that would meet the increasing demands of my family as my parents are getting older. My father is working harder than he should, but he maintains a calm and affectionate disposition amidst physical ailments like severe back pain. Being the youngest son in the family, I am supposed to stay with the family and look after my parents. Even though my present work provides some support, I realize that I need to earn more in the future. Moreover, I have a strong desire to pursue my studies. I had been genuinely interested in all the subjects I studies for my High School. I had relatively good aptitude Biology. My ambition is to develop a career in pharmacy, and would like to join a college course that would help me fulfill my dream. My family needs me to join college as soon as possible. They are worried that I am working hard at the moment, and my father keeps reminding me that I could have a career and living standards only if I focus on my education at the moment. I decided to start working soon after finishing school because I realized how hard my parents amidst their disabilities to look after the house and educate me. I believe I would be able to do justice to my studies because I am strongly motivated to be of help to my family. If I am

Wells Fargo & Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Wells Fargo & Co - Essay Example Security and Exchange Commission is a US government administrative agency that was created by the congress to supervise and control the securities markets and protect investors. It is designed to enhance full public disclosure and to protect the investing public from fraud and exploitative actions in the securities markets. The securities act of 1993 was established by the congress to achieve two basic goals; to prohibit and prevent deceit and other fraud in the sale of securities and to ensure that investors get and other important information concerning securities being offered for public sale. The act empowers the SEC with wide jurisdiction over all aspects of securities industry including registering, regulating, overseeing brokerage firms, transfer agents and clearing agents, well defined services offered by the Wells and Fargo Co. Moreover, some of the acts of law governing the SEC include Trust Indenture Act of 1940 that applies to debt securities such as bonds, debentures and notes that offer public sale and Investment Advisers Act of 1940 that regulates investment advisers. The act requires that firms or sole practitioners compensated for advising others about securities investments must register with SEC to conform to regulations protecting investors. Through this different laws and regulation, the SEC has managed to prevent and control high risk gambles in banking to boost the economy (Sullivan 2003). In Business Law, all contacts are agreements but all agreements are not contacts. An agreement to be enforceable by law must possess the essential elements of a valid contract. The following are essential elements of a valid contact; Offer and Acceptance: In order to create a valid contract there must be a â€Å"lawful offer† by one party and â€Å"lawful acceptance† by the other party. This means that the offer must be accepted exactly as offered without conditions. Intention to create

Immigration reform Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Immigration reform - Term Paper Example Immigration reform targets both legal and illegal immigrants. The proponents of the immigration enforcement argue that immigrants cost tax payers an estimated $338.3 billion dollars. Immigration reform includes the involvement of various state organs stemming from the executive to the judiciary; with each playing a unique role as stipulated in the Constitution. Constitutional Position The United States require a new immigration policy that is based more on realism rather than wishful thinking. The policy should be inclusive with each state organ playing a distinct contributory role in liaison with other organs. It is unwise for the government to waste vast resources in enforcing arbitrary numerical restrictions to immigration policy that have no impact on the economic situation. The government will gain economically if the economic reform undertaken collectively with the involvement of all governance structures. Branches of Government Engaged In Immigration Reform Office of the Presi dent The Office of the President’s role in the reform is putting the necessary judicial line-up in place for reform realization. Such roles include the appointment of the Supreme Court judges and judges of appeal or district courts. The office of the president can also use its powers to influence the senate to changing the immigration reform agenda. The political influence on the debate can also be influenced by the intervention of the president as a state figure. The office of the president has of late remained mum on the issue owing to the political interests vested on the issue. The political orientation determines the decision that the president is expected to take. Although the office of the president continues to insist on a pledge to uphold sustainable immigration policy reform, many critics state that the lagging in the policy implementation signifies lack of commitment to the promise. Executive Bureaucracy The executive is spearheaded by the president and his deputy and is more inclusive in terms of governance as compared to the office of the president. Some of the executive institutions involved in immigration include; the Department of Homeland Security, immigrations and naturalization service, Bureau of Immigration appeals, immigration judges serving in immigration courts and the Executive office of Immigration Review (Serow & Ladd, 2011). Some of these arms of the executive have been involved in bureaucratic actions while dealing with the immigration issue. For instance, the immigration and Naturalization Service has been accused of possessing backlogs on family and employment-based immigration applications. Most of the delays are exacerbated by the numerical visa issuance that faces numerous legal limitations. For instance, the recent statistic states that an estimated 5.8 million individuals that attained the approval for family base immigrant visas have not yet received them up to date. The Customs and Border Patrol agency has been accus ed of using militaristic approaches when dealing with illegal immigrants along the borders. This has fuelled violence, migrant death and anti-immigrant hostility. Yet, the executive regards the departments as efficient in maintaining security along the borders (Kohli and Varma, 2011). The immigrations and customs enforcement (ICE) institution has been accused of targeting innocent illegal migrants and those with petty crimes